I am not sure how gcc comes into the picture. When using CUDA on Windows, MSVC is the only supported host compiler. It seems to me you would want to familiarize yourself in general terms with the basic command-line operation of compilers and the make utility (I would suggest installing Cygwin so you can use gmake on Windows).
I don’t have a relevant tutorial handy to point you at, as it has been many years since I learned this myself. Back then toolchain and operating system documentation was a good place to learn how to build code. That might still work today, for all I know.
Here is how you can build and run deviceQuery directly from the command line, after first setting up the MSVC environment as described earlier. Note: You would want to set up a proper makefile instead of building straight from the command line. In the makefile you can specify the location of header files and libraries.
C:\Users\All Users\NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v8.0_Utilities\deviceQuery>nvcc -o deviceQuery.exe -I ../../common/inc deviceQuery.cpp
nvcc warning : The 'compute_20', 'sm_20', and 'sm_21' architectures are deprecated, and may be removed in a future release (Use -Wno-deprecated-gpu-targets to suppress warning).
nvcc warning : nvcc support for Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 and earlier has been deprecated and is no longer being maintained
deviceQuery.cpp
Creating library deviceQuery.lib and object deviceQuery.exp
C:\Users\All Users\NVIDIA Corporation\CUDA Samples\v8.0_Utilities\deviceQuery>deviceQuery
deviceQuery Starting...
CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)
Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)
Device 0: "Quadro K2200"
CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version 8.0 / 8.0
CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number: 5.0
Total amount of global memory: 4096 MBytes (4294967296 bytes)
( 5) Multiprocessors, (128) CUDA Cores/MP: 640 CUDA Cores
GPU Max Clock rate: 1124 MHz (1.12 GHz)
Memory Clock rate: 2505 Mhz
Memory Bus Width: 128-bit
L2 Cache Size: 2097152 bytes
Maximum Texture Dimension Size (x,y,z) 1D=(65536), 2D=(65536, 65536), 3D=(4096, 4096, 4096)
Maximum Layered 1D Texture Size, (num) layers 1D=(16384), 2048 layers
Maximum Layered 2D Texture Size, (num) layers 2D=(16384, 16384), 2048 layers
Total amount of constant memory: 65536 bytes
Total amount of shared memory per block: 49152 bytes
Total number of registers available per block: 65536
Warp size: 32
Maximum number of threads per multiprocessor: 2048
Maximum number of threads per block: 1024
Max dimension size of a thread block (x,y,z): (1024, 1024, 64)
Max dimension size of a grid size (x,y,z): (2147483647, 65535, 65535)
Maximum memory pitch: 2147483647 bytes
Texture alignment: 512 bytes
Concurrent copy and kernel execution: Yes with 1 copy engine(s)
Run time limit on kernels: Yes
Integrated GPU sharing Host Memory: No
Support host page-locked memory mapping: Yes
Alignment requirement for Surfaces: Yes
Device has ECC support: Disabled
CUDA Device Driver Mode (TCC or WDDM): WDDM (Windows Display Driver Model)
Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA): Yes
Device PCI Domain ID / Bus ID / location ID: 0 / 1 / 0
Compute Mode:
< Default (multiple host threads can use ::cudaSetDevice() with device simultaneously) >
deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver Version = 8.0, CUDA Runtime Version = 8.0, NumDevs = 1, Device0 = Quadro K2200
Result = PASS