Jetson Tk1 - USB Webcam Logitech C310 is working via HUB

root@tegra-ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# lsusb
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 046d:c52e Logitech, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 009: ID 046d:081b Logitech, Inc. Webcam C310
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 05e3:0606 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB 2.0 Hub / D-Link DUB-H4 USB 2.0 Hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

without a USB hub:

root@tegra-ubuntu:~# dmesg
[ 1629.036696] uvcvideo: Failed to submit URB 0 (-28).
[ 1632.571291] NOHZ: local_softirq_pending 100
[ 1677.973724] uvcvideo: Failed to submit URB 0 (-28).
[ 1690.323746] usb 2-1.1: USB disconnect, device number 8
[ 1694.540642] usb 2-1.1: new full-speed USB device number 9 using tegra-ehci
[ 1694.571455] usb 2-1.1: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[ 1694.677556] usb 2-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=046d, idProduct=081b
[ 1694.677574] usb 2-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=2
[ 1694.677581] usb 2-1.1: SerialNumber: 129A2B20
[ 1694.680512] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device (046d:081b)
[ 1694.780217] input: UVC Camera (046d:081b) as /devices/platform/tegra-ehci.2/usb2/2-1/2-1.1/2-1.1:1.0/input/input8
[ 1695.936921] set resolution quirk: cval->res = 384

with an active USB hub it just works

The USB port is probably entering auto-suspend. You can disable USB auto-suspend. eg:

sudo bash -c 'echo -1 > /sys/module/usbcore/parameters/autosuspend'